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Case Study: How an LLM Agent Streamlines Quarterly Earnings Calls for Analysts
This case study shows how an LLM-powered agent automates the analysis of earnings call transcripts—summarizing key points, extracting financial guidance, and...
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Monte Carlo Simulations in Macroeconomic Modeling
Monte Carlo simulations offer a powerful way to model uncertainty in macroeconomic systems. This article explores how they're applied to stress testing, fore...
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Ill-Posed Problems and What Regularization Really Does
In an ill-posed inverse problem, small observational errors can become large errors in the reconstructed parameters or fields. Regularization works by suppre...
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PCA Can Delete the Clustering Signal
Principal component analysis is often used before clustering to remove noise and reduce dimension. That can help, but PCA optimises variance rather than clus...
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A Mechanism Is Not an Effect
Establishing one causal pathway does not establish the total effect of an intervention. Competing pathways, dose, scale, and surrogate outcomes can change bo...
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Safety Stock Is a Probability Problem
"Keep half a day of safety stock" sounds operationally simple, but it does not define a service level. Two items with the same mean demand and lead time can ...
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Switchback Experiments: Randomising Time When You Cannot Randomise Users
Pricing cannot be randomised by user, so the system is switched on and off every fifteen minutes instead. The order-level analysis reports a standard error o...
Read articleHow Antibiotic Resistance Spreads Through Bacteria
Antibiotic resistance concerns microbes and medicines. A worked example shows how a rare resistant group can become a large share of the survivors without th...
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Design Analysis: What a Significant Result Means in a Small Study
The test had about ten percent power against the effect that was plausible beforehand. It came back significant at 7.7 percent. The truth was 2 percent, and ...
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Trigger Dilution: Measuring a Feature on the Ninety Percent Who Never Saw It
Eight percent of users ever open the panel the experiment changed. The effect among them is a 6 percent lift, and the number on the dashboard is 0.76 percent...
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