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Sample Size: Power, Precision, and Design
Sample size should be derived from the estimand, design, effect size, uncertainty target, and error rates, not from a universal rule that more data are alway...
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Data Communication: Preserve the Evidence
Good data communication preserves the structure of the evidence: the estimand, denominator, uncertainty, assumptions, and distinction between description, pr...
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Quantitative Literacy: Reading Numbers Without Being Misled
Quantitative literacy is less about performing arithmetic quickly than about reasoning with ratios, uncertainty, variation, denominators, and evidence.
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Rolling Windows in Signal Processing
Rolling windows are local operators whose statistical meaning depends on window width, alignment, overlap, sampling rate, leakage control, and the signal-pro...
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Traffic and Pedestrian Flow as Dynamical Systems
Traffic and pedestrian flow can sometimes be modeled with conservation laws and continuum approximations, but the analogy with fluids has limits that matter ...
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The Risks and Limits of Artificial Intelligence
A sober analysis of AI risk requires separating present operational harms, labor-market effects, security risks, model limitations, environmental costs, and ...
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Binary Classification: Probabilities Before Labels
Binary classification is not just choosing an algorithm. It requires a clear target, calibrated probabilities, realistic validation, and thresholds tied to d...
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Regression and Path Analysis: What the Diagram Does Not Tell You
Path analysis is a system of linked regression equations. It can decompose associations into direct and indirect paths, but causal interpretation still depen...
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Ethics in Data Science
Ethics in data science is a question of governance, measurement, rights, incentives, and accountability, not a checklist added after a model is built.
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Applying R Functions on Rolling Windows with runner
A practical guide to rolling computations in R with runner, including fixed-size and time-indexed windows, lags, custom evaluation points, grouped data, and ...
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